8.12 Lab: BT <--- BST (Search)

Implement the pair of search functions for searching the BST:

- _search - recursive (private function)
- search - wrapper for _search (public function)

05-trees/BinarySearchTree.h

@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@ public:
     // remove a node if found
     //bool remove(const ItemType &item);
     // find a target node
-    //bool search(const ItemType &target, ItemType &returnedItem) const;
+    bool search(const ItemType &target, ItemType &returnedItem) const;
+
     // find the smallest node
     bool findSmallest(ItemType &returnedItem) const;
 
@@ -28,12 +29,12 @@ private:
     BinaryNode<ItemType> *_insert(BinaryNode<ItemType> *nodePtr, BinaryNode<ItemType> *newNode);
 
     // search for target node
-    //BinaryNode<ItemType>* _search(BinaryNode<ItemType>* treePtr, const ItemType &target) const;
+    BinaryNode<ItemType> *_search(BinaryNode<ItemType> *treePtr, const ItemType &target) const;
 
     // find the smallest node
     BinaryNode<ItemType> *_findSmallest(BinaryNode<ItemType> *nodePtr, ItemType &smallest) const;
 
-    // find the biggest node
+    // find the largest node
     BinaryNode<ItemType> *_findLargest(BinaryNode<ItemType> *nodePtr, ItemType &smallest) const;
 
     // internal remove node: locate and delete target node under nodePtr subtree
@@ -48,7 +49,7 @@ private:
 };
 
 ///////////////////////// public function definitions ///////////////////////////
-// Inserting items within a tree
+// Wrapper for _insert - Inserting items within a tree
 template<class ItemType>
 bool BinarySearchTree<ItemType>::insert(const ItemType &newEntry) {
     BinaryNode<ItemType> *newNodePtr = new BinaryNode<ItemType>(newEntry);
@@ -56,7 +57,6 @@ bool BinarySearchTree<ItemType>::insert(const ItemType &newEntry) {
     return true;
 }
 
-
 // Finding the smallest, which is the leftmost leaf (wrapper function)
 template<class ItemType>
 bool BinarySearchTree<ItemType>::findSmallest(ItemType &returnedItem) const {
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ bool BinarySearchTree<ItemType>::findSmallest(ItemType &returnedItem) const {
     return temp != nullptr;
 }
 
-// Finding the biggest, which is the rightmost leaf (wrapper function)
+// Finding the largest, which is the rightmost leaf (wrapper function)
 template<class ItemType>
 bool BinarySearchTree<ItemType>::findLargest(ItemType &returnedItem) const {
     BinaryNode<ItemType> *temp = nullptr;
@@ -73,9 +73,26 @@ bool BinarySearchTree<ItemType>::findLargest(ItemType &returnedItem) const {
     return temp != nullptr;
 }
 
+// Wrapper for _search
+// - it calls the private _search function that returns a Node pointer or NULL
+// - if found, it copies data from that node and sends it back to the caller
+//   via the output parameter, and returns true, otherwise it returns false.
+template<class ItemType>
+bool BinarySearchTree<ItemType>::search(const ItemType &anEntry, ItemType &returnedItem) const {
+    BinaryNode<ItemType> *temp = nullptr;
+    temp = _search(this->rootPtr, anEntry);
+
+    if (temp != nullptr) {
+        returnedItem = temp->getItem();
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+
 //////////////////////////// private functions ////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-// Implementation of the insert operation - iterative algorithm
+// Implementation of the insert operation: iterative algorithm
 template<class ItemType>
 BinaryNode<ItemType> *BinarySearchTree<ItemType>::_insert(BinaryNode<ItemType> *nodePtr,
                                                           BinaryNode<ItemType> *newNodePtr) {
@@ -124,4 +141,19 @@ BinaryNode<ItemType> *BinarySearchTree<ItemType>::_findLargest(BinaryNode<ItemTy
     return _findLargest(nodePtr->getRightPtr(), biggest);
 }
 
-#endif
+// Implementation for the search operation: recursive algorithm
+// - return NULL if target not found, otherwise
+// - returns a pointer to the node that matched the target
+template<class ItemType>
+BinaryNode<ItemType> *BinarySearchTree<ItemType>::_search(BinaryNode<ItemType> *nodePtr,
+                                                          const ItemType &target) const {
+    // Two base cases: root is NULL or target is found
+    if (nodePtr == nullptr) return nullptr;
+    if (nodePtr->getItem() == target) return nodePtr;
+
+    // Recursive cases, search either left or right subtree based on the target
+    if (target < nodePtr->getItem()) return _search(nodePtr->getLeftPtr(), target);
+    if (target > nodePtr->getItem()) return _search(nodePtr->getRightPtr(), target);
+}
+
+#endif

05-trees/BinaryTree.h

@@ -45,8 +45,9 @@ public:
 
     // abstract functions to be implemented by derived class
     virtual bool insert(const ItemType &newData) = 0;
+
     //virtual bool remove(const ItemType &data) = 0;
-    //virtual bool search(const ItemType &target, ItemType & returnedItem) const = 0;
+    virtual bool search(const ItemType &target, ItemType &returnedItem) const = 0;
 
 private:
     // delete all nodes from the tree

05-trees/main.cpp

@@ -25,12 +25,22 @@ int main() {
 
     buildBST(n, bst);
 
-    cout << "  Inorder: ";
+    cout << "Inorder: ";
     bst.inOrder(hDisplay);
     cout << endl;
+    cout << "Search Section:" << endl;
+    int searchCount = n / 2;
+    int target, item;
+    while (searchCount--) {
+        target = rand() % 30 + 10;
+        cout << target;
+        if (bst.search(target, item)) {
+            cout << " FOUND! Data contains: "
+                 << item << endl;
+        } else
+            cout << " NOT FOUND!\n";
+    }
 
-    cout << "Indented Tree:" << endl;
-    bst.printTree(iDisplay);
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -39,11 +49,16 @@ int main() {
  of integers
 */
 void buildBST(int n, BinarySearchTree<int> &bst) {
+    bool duplicate[41] = {false}; // all are set to 0 (false)
     int item;
 
-    while (n--) {
-        item = rand() % 30 + 10;
-        bst.insert(item);
+    while (n > 0) {
+        item = rand() % 31 + 10;
+        if (duplicate[item] == false) { // not a duplicate
+            bst.insert(item);
+            n--;
+            duplicate[item] = true;
+        }
     }
 }